Umayyad Caliphate. temp. ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. AE Fals. Uncertain mint, Unique (?). AH 65-86 / AD 685-705

Islamic. Arab-Byzantine. Umayyad Caliphate. temp. ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. AE Fals (bronze, 3.75g, 14mm). Uncertain mint, Unique (?). AH 65-86 / AD 685-705

Arabic Title: الدولة الأموية، في عهد عبد الملك بن مروان، فلس نحاسي، دار ضرب غير محددة، قطعة فريدة (؟)، 65–86 هـ

Obv: aliph standing facing, bearded, placing his right hand on the pommel of his sword and and whip hanging from his right elbow

Rev: Transformed cross standing on three steps; mint to right, star and cresent (?) to left

Ref: Unpublished

Rarity/Choice: Apparently unique, VF (attractive earthen patina)

Note: This issue reflects a foundational period of consolidation following the Second Fitna. This era saw the restoration of central authority, major fiscal and administrative reforms, and the emergence of a more unified imperial structure. It represents a key turning point in early Islamic history, when the caliphate transitioned into a more stable and distinctly organized state.